Restoring a document does not mean ‘making it look beautiful’; it means enabling it to withstand the passage of time without losing legibility or material stability.
Safeguarding archival holdings involves a set of practices that prevent deterioration and, when necessary, act on documents to ensure their preservation and accessibility.
The workshop carries out a range of treatments—from preventive measures to restoration—selected according to the condition of the materials and consultation needs. This page explains how these practices work and presents practical examples through case studies completed by the Institute.
We preserve the past
We rethink the future
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Direct conservation
Targeted treatments to stabilise materials and, where necessary, restore their integrity.
The practice of direct conservation encompasses treatments applied directly to documents to slow or halt deterioration processes.
These treatments are designed to stabilise an archival item with minimal intervention, without altering its historical and material characteristics. They may be minimally invasive—when stabilisation alone is required—or more complex when integrity and legibility need to be restored.
Explore the terms in our glossary
Ricondizionamento
Intervento di restauro mirato all'adeguamento delle unità di conservazione (cartelle, scatole, camicie) finalizzato a garantire protezione fisica, chimica e meccanica alle carte e a migliorare la corretta fruizione…
Spolveratura
Operazione volta alla rimozione controllata di polveri e particellato superficiale eseguita utilizzando strumentazione specifica (pennelli a setole morbide, aspiratori con filtri Hepa e potenza regolabile), eseguita al fine…
Disinfection
A localised microbiological treatment carried out using methods compatible with the original materials in order to eliminate or inactivate the damaging action of microorganisms.
Messa in sicurezza
Insieme di misure urgenti o provvisorie finalizzate a eliminare o ridurre il rischio immediato di danneggiamento. Consiste in azioni immediate, spesso temporanee e non invasive, destinate a contenere…
Restauro
Intervento tecnico finalizzato a recuperare l'integrità fisica e strutturale del documento originale, nel rispetto della sua storicità e autenticità. Include un alto numero di operazioni, tecniche e prodotti,…
Restoration case studies
The latest treatments documented by our workshop staff

Tappa di Cagliari 478
The conservation treatment of a notarial manuscript dating from 1605.
The volume and its state of preservation Among the records preserved at Archivio di Stato di Cagliari is a manuscript volume from the notarial…
Indirect conservation
Measures addressing the environment and the organisation of archival holdings to prevent deterioration.
The practice of indirect conservation covers all measures affecting environmental conditions and the management of archival holdings, with the aim of preventing deterioration.
Temperature, humidity, light, storage conditions and handling directly affect the stability of the materials.
Addressing these factors reduces the need for invasive restoration and supports the sustainable long-term management of archival holdings.
Examples of measures
- Monitoring thermo-hygrometric parameters: Continuous monitoring of temperature and humidity in storage areas to prevent deformation, condensation and microbiological growth.
- Mapping the state of preservation: Systematic assessment of document condition to identify critical issues and forms of deterioration.
- Setting treatment priorities: Assessment of risk, state of preservation and documentary value in order to plan treatments.